In-vitro accuracy of the virtual patient model with maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion using 3D-printed customized transfer key
In-vitro accuracy of the virtual patient model with maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion using 3D-printed customized transfer key
This study introduced a 3D-printed customized transfer key designed to integrate facial and intraoral scans for accurate maxillomandibular relationship registration at centric occlusion within a fully digital workflow. The device incorporated an intraoral anterior deprogrammer component and an extraoral cross-shaped reference frame for midline and pupillary line alignment, enabling construction of a complete virtual patient model. Accuracy was validated in vitro using a phantom head with soft tissue simulation, with trueness and precision assessed via superimposition against CBCT reference data. Results confirmed high spatial fidelity across arch, head, and facial regions, with dental arch areas achieving the greatest accuracy. These findings support the clinical potential of this transfer key as a streamlined, patient-friendly alternative to conventional maxillomandibular registration methods in digital prosthodontic workflows.
This study introduced a 3D-printed customized transfer key designed to integrate facial and intraoral scans for accurate maxillomandibular relationship registration at centric occlusion within a fully digital workflow. The device incorporated an intraoral anterior deprogrammer component and an extraoral cross-shaped reference frame for midline and pupillary line alignment, enabling construction of a complete virtual patient model. Accuracy was validated in vitro using a phantom head with soft tissue simulation, with trueness and precision assessed via superimposition against CBCT reference data. Results confirmed high spatial fidelity across arch, head, and facial regions, with dental arch areas achieving the greatest accuracy. These findings support the clinical potential of this transfer key as a streamlined, patient-friendly alternative to conventional maxillomandibular registration methods in digital prosthodontic workflows.
Objective: This study aimed to create a 3D-printed customized transfer key and evaluate the accuracy of the virtual patient model with maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion using the transfer key.
Methods: A 3D-printed transfer key was designed, combining facial and intraoral (IOS) scans. The design included components that recorded the 3D upper and lower arch at centric occlusion. The virtual patient model image was generated in-vitro using a phantom head with soft tissue simulation. Accuracy was assessed by superimposing the 3D scans with reference CBCT images and analyzing trueness and precision using root mean square (RMS) deviations.
Results: The transfer key included an intra-oral part that acts as an anterior deprogrammer to record the relationship of two dental arches at centric occlusion (CO) and an extra-oral with a rotatable cross-shaped design with two arms for locating the facial midline and the two pupils connecting line. Superimposition demonstrated high trueness (RMS: 0.51 mm for the arch regions, 0.69 mm for the whole head region, 0.85 mm in the face region) and precision (RMS: 0.41 mm for the arch regions, 0.52 mm for the entire head, 0.63 mm in the face region) significantly (p < 0.05). Minimal deviations were observed in critical areas, including the tooth and lip position, indicating that the virtual patient model was closely aligned with the CBCT reference. The dental arches achieved the highest accuracy, while slight deviations were noted in the facial regions.
Conclusions: The 3D-printed customized transfer key effectively enhanced the virtual patient model's accuracy, surpassing traditional trueness and precision methods. This novel approach offers a streamlined, patient-friendly solution for digital dental workflows.
